Permafrost is soil that is completely frozen. Permafrost can only be found in tundra biomes, and is usually underneath a shallow layer of thawed topsoil. During the winters, the frozen soil stays solid for the whole season, while during the summers, the permafrost melts and pools above the ground, creating marshes and bogs.

There are three types of  tundra biomes around the world. These include the ARCTIC TUNDRA, the ANTARCTIC TUNDRA, and the APLINE TUNDRA. The Arctic tundra is the most well-known of all the tundras. This tundra is located around the Arctic Circle, between 60 degrees and 90 degrees north latitude within Alaska, Northern Canada, and Siberia. The Antarctic tundra is the largest of all the tundras and land biomes, and is, obviously, located in the continent of Antarctica. Finally, the Alpine tundra is one of the most interesting land biomes and tundra. It is usually located on the top of many mountains, above the tree line. A popular example of this is the Himalayan Mountains.

Although these tundras are consisted different conditions, the defining characteristics amongst all of the tundras is their climate. The average temperature range of all tundra biomes are from -26 degrees Celsius to 12 degrees Celsius, so it is very cold, and although tundras are usually associated with snow, tundras are very dry, with an annual precipitation ranging from 30-50 cm. This causes tundras to sometimes be considered deserts.

Not many plants and animals live in the tundra due to the weather, but there are still an amazing diversity of plants with wonderful adaptations that live amongst the snow.

It might not seem like it at first, but the tundra is an amazing wonderland with so much to offer.